Experiment 1 (Expansion and contraction of water)

Collect all the materials you will need for the experiment:

1. Coloured water
2. Normal water
3. One-holed bottle cork
4. Glass bottle
5. Glass tube
6. Pot
7. Water bath
8. Source of heat (stove / Bunsen burner)
9. Matchbox (if needed)
10. Coloured pen

Before you begin, make an educated guess about what you think will happen. For example: "I hypothesize that the water level will rise when heated and fall when cooled."

Follow these steps to set up:

1. Prepare the water: Fill the glass bottle with coloured water.
2. Place the cork and tube: Put the cork on the bottle and insert the glass tube.
3. Mark the water level: Mark the initial water level on the glass tube with the coloured pen.
4. Prepare the water bath: fill the water bath with normal water.
5. Place the bottle in the water bath.
6. Prepare the pot: Fill the pot with normal water and place the bottle in it.
7. Set your heat source: Place the pot on the stove or Bunsen burner.

Experiment on the expansion and contraction of water

1. Record the starting water level: Note the initial level marked on the glass tube.
2. Heat the water: Heat the water in the pot and watch the water level in the glass tube.
3. Take measurements: Observe and note any changes in the water level.
4. Cool the water: Remove the bottle from the pot and place it back in the water bath to cool.
5. Take measurements: Observe and note any changes in the water level as it cools.

Once you have completed the experiment:

1. Compare the water levels before, during, and after heating and cooling.
2. Look for patterns in the data (e.g., the water level rose when heated and fell when cooled).
3. Draw conclusions based on the data you've collected.

• Data table: Create a simple table to record your observations. Example table format:
  1. Condition: Initial, Heated, Cooled
  2. Water Level: (Record if the water level was at the original mark, above, or below).
• Description: Write down what you saw happening.

Based on your results, determine whether your hypothesis was correct. For example: "The water level rose when heated and fell when cooled, confirming that water expands when heated and contracts when cooled."

• Testing Hypotheses: To see if our guess about water expanding and contracting is correct.
• Understanding Cause and Effect: To learn how heat and cold affect water.
• Discovering New Information: To learn more about how water behaves.