Mada za sehemu hiiDemocracyMada 4
- Democratic practices in Tanzania
- Principles of democracy
- The democratic process of electing the President
- Good governance principles
The election of the President of the United Republic of Tanzania takes place every five years. The democratic process of electing the President is as follows:
- Nominations: A presidential candidate must be nominated by a registered political party;
- Form collection: She or he must collect presidential election forms, fill them in and return them on time to the National Electoral Commission;
- Qualification announcement: The National Electoral Commission announces the names of those who qualify to contest the presidential seat;
- Campaigning: The candidate talks about the election manifesto and ideology of his or her political party during an election campaign;
- Voting: Voters cast their votes through secret ballot in polling stations. The polling stations are located in their localities;
- Results announcement: The National Electoral Commission announces the results and the winner of the election;
- President-elect: Then, the winner of the election becomes the President-elect; and
- Inauguration: The President-elect is sworn in by the Chief Justice of Tanzania so that he or she can start serving the citizens.
The following are the qualifications of a presidential candidate in the United Republic of Tanzania:
- Citizenship by birth: She or he must be a citizen of Tanzania by birth;
- Age requirement: She or he must be of 40 years of age or over;
- Party nomination: He or she must have been nominated by a political party;
- Parliamentary qualification: She or he must be qualified to be a Member of Parliament or a member of the House of Representatives; and
- Clean criminal record: She or he must never have been convicted of a criminal offence such as tax evasion in a period of five years before the election date.
Democratic governance requires citizens' participation in governing their country. Tanzania is a big country with a large population. Therefore, it is difficult for every citizen to participate in making national decisions. Therefore, Tanzanians elect representatives in their constituencies who represent them in Parliament. The representatives are called Members of Parliament (MPs).
They are elected every five years under the supervision of the National Electoral Commission (NEC). The process of electing Members of Parliament is described below:
- Form submission: Each candidate fills in the forms collected from NEC after being nominated by a registered political party;
- Campaigning: Each candidate campaigns in his or her constituency and talks to the people about the ideology and election manifesto of his or her party;
- Agent appointment: Each candidate appoints one person to be his or her agent in each polling station;
- Results announcement: The results of each candidate are announced after votes have been counted and verified; and
- Oath taking: The winner of a parliamentary election declares his or her commitment to serving the people and takes an oath of allegiance before the Speaker of the Parliament of the United Republic of Tanzania before starting to discharge his or her duties.
Any person who intends to contest a parliamentary seat must have the following qualifications:
- Sound mind: He or she must be of sound mind;
- Citizenship and age: She or he must be a Tanzanian citizen who has attained the age of 21 years;
- Literacy: He or she must be able to read and write in Kiswahili or English;
- Party nomination: She or he must be nominated by a registered political party; and
- Clean criminal record: He or she must never have been convicted of a criminal offence relating to tax evasion in the past five years before the date of the election.
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