Factors to be considered when choosing the means of transport of goods

Various forms of transport have their advantages when choosing a mode of transport. One has to balance a variety of advantages and disadvantages. The main factors which determine the mode of transport are:

1. The kind of goods / type of goods
   Goods are often classified as manufactured goods, produce, dry goods and wet goods, fragile goods, perishable goods and so forth. Fragile goods should be handled with care to ensure safe delivery to the consumer, while perishable goods should be rushed to the consumer before they spoil.

2. Weight of goods
   Small and light goods of high value may easily and cheaply be carried by air. Bigger and heavier goods may be carried by road. Very bulky and heavy consignments should be carried by railway or water.

3. The location of the seller's premises / warehouse
   It may also influence choice of transport method for his/her goods. If the warehouse is near a railway station, railway may be preferred.

4. The speed and urgency
   If the buyer urgently needs the goods, the fastest means available should be considered.

5. Goods that are bulky but light
   Require a lot of space relative to the weight transported. The weight to volume ratio of a consignment may determine the method of transport chosen.

6. The cost of transport
   The cost of transporting an item should bear a reasonable proportion to its value. Only in cases of acute urgency can this factor be overlooked.

7. The distance
   For shorter distances, road transport is best; for longer distances, the railway may be advisable; and for very long distances, sea transport may suit, assuming all three means are equally available.

8. Flexibility
   An ability of the mode of transport to reach any destination is important. Road transport is more flexible than the rest, and variations and diversion can be made.