Continental Cooperation

1. Continental cooperation was facilitated by the social, political, and economic exploitation imposed on Africans.
2. Through these, the African people realized the need for cooperation and developed the consciousness that they share a common destiny.
3. African countries worked together to solve political, social, and economic problems which faced the continent after independence.

1. To preserve political independence and freedom
2. To fight against economic exploitation such as land alienations, poor wages and forced labor
3. To unite all people of African origin in the struggle against political oppression
4. To challenge the ideology of European supremacy which undermines African political independence, economic stability and cultural civilization
5. To protect African dignity
6. To preserve African culture from destruction

OAU was an organization of independent African states that was formed firstly by 30 countries in Addis Ababa Ethiopia on 25 May 1963. Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia was the first chairman of the organization.

1. Civil wars in the member states such as Sudan, Somalia and Sierra Leone killed many people in the member countries in 1990s
2. Assassination of head of states in many countries for example Melchior Ndadaye of Burundi in 1993.
3. OAU could not impose decisions on its members. Member states used this opportunity to act against the OAU interests.
4. Absence of good infrastructure such as railways, roads which hindered the movement of people between and within the member states
5. Shortage of money, member states could not contribute money on time different programs
6. Interference by external powers in the affairs of the African continent. For example, USA, Britain, France
7. Ideological differences especially during the cold war e.g. Tanzania- socialism, Kenya-Capitalism

1. To enhance unity among African states
2. To eliminate all forms of colonialism in Africa
3. To promote international co-operation in line with UN and Universal Declaration
4. To coordinate cooperation and efforts to bring better life for African people
5. To defend territorial integrity and independence of the African states.

1. Non-interference in the domestic matters of the member states.
2. The use of peaceful ways in finding solutions to conflicts and disputes between member states.
3. To accept the movement of Non-Alignment of Afro Asian states.
4. Respect the rights to exist as independent countries.
5. Sovereign equality of all member states had to be respected by all members countries.
6. Condemn all political assassination and encouragement of people to oppose domestic dictatorship government.

1. Tanzania gained fame by hosting the headquarters of the liberation committee in various countries such as Zimbabwe and Angola.
2. Through African Development Bank Tanzania received some money for improvement of various sectors like agriculture and education.
3. Tanzania made friendship with all countries, which had joined OAU through participation in various meeting of OAU members.
4. Tanzania got chances to give out its opinion over many problems through various meeting.

1. OAU failed to bring better and good standard of living among the Africans.
2. It failed to eradicate neo-colonial exploitation which was practiced by the countries in Western European countries. After its formation Africa export to European markets continued to suffer from lower prices determined by big powers.
3. It failed to solve political conflicts which normally led to the rise of civil war and overthrow the elected government for example Ghana when Dr. Kwame Nkrumah in 1966.
4. It failed to prevent inter-state conflicts. There were conflicts over boundaries and eventually there were wars for example Tanzania and Uganda in 1978 and Kenya and Somalia in 1970s.

1. AU is the organization of African countries which originally started by the declaration of the heads of states and governments of the OAU to establish the African Union.
2. It was agreed during the OAU summit at Sirte, Libya in 1999.
3. In the following year, during the Lomé summit, Togo's head of states and government adopted the Constitutive Act of the Union.
4. The Lusaka summit of 2001 further gave the final go-ahead for the establishment of the AU.
5. The AU was officially born in Durban, South Africa, in 2002.

1. To achieve the greater unity and solidarity between the African countries and the people themselves.
2. To accelerate the political and socio-economic integration among Africans.
3. To promote and defend African common interests.
4. To promote peace, security and stability in Africa.
5. To defend the sovereignty, territorial integrity and independence of member states.
6. To encourage international cooperation.
7. To establish the necessary conditions which enable Africa to play its rightful role in the global or world economy through international negotiations.
8. To work with relevant international parties in the elimination of preventable disease and the promotion of health on the continent.
9. To promote sustainable development at the economic social and cultural levels as well as the integrations of economies.
10. To promote democratic principles and institutions, popular participation and good governance.

1. Civil wars in countries such as Sierra Leone, Sudan, Northern Uganda Ivory coast.
2. Poor infrastructure such as railways roads, and water ways continued to weaken smooth transport of raw materials from productive areas to industrial as well as from towns to rural areas in many members states.
3. Lack of fund-most of its members are poor nations. It does not get enough money to run it.
4. Epidemic diseases such as HIV/AIDS kills skilled labor which would have been used by AU to develop many sectors like Agriculture, industries fishing and tourism.
5. Corruption, such as mismanagement of public money by these leaders like former president of Zambia Mr. Chiluba discouraged good governance.

1. Tanzania would get an opportunity to unite with other African countries to solve political conflicts peacefully in several African states and the country will use AU to discuss on the presence of good relationship between Africa, Europe and USA.
2. Tanzania will make friendship with other African countries through this joint activities and programs in social and economic sectors
3. Tanzania gains territorial dignity through participation in the military operations
4. Tanzania get new ideas and information, which will be used to solve many problems in different sectors such as agriculture, health, mining and industry.
5. Tanzania would obviously provide with money as loans and grants from the financial institutions such as African Central Bank and the African Investment Bank.