Mada za sehemu hiiClimate And Natural RegionsMada 3
- World Climatic Types
- Natural Regions of the World
- Climate Change
Climate is the average weather conditions of an area observed and recorded over a long period of time, about 30 years.
Weather is the conditions of the atmosphere, which occur at a place at a specific period from hour to hour or day to day.
| Weather | Climate | |
|---|---|---|
| Description | Describes the atmospheric conditions at a specific place and time. | Describes the average atmospheric conditions of a place over a specific period of time. |
| Definition | Weather is defined as the day-to-day state of the atmosphere, and it is short-term (minutes to weeks) variation. | Climate is defined as statistical weather information that describes the variation of weather at a given place for a specified time interval. |
| Measurement period | Weather conditions are measured over a short period e.g. a few hours or days. | Climate conditions are measured over many years, e.g., 30 years. |
| Determination | Determined by real time measurements of atmospheric pressure, wind speed and direction, humidity, precipitation, cloud cover, and other variables. | Determined by averaging weather data over periods of 30 years. |
| Change | Weather changes abruptly within a short period. | Climate changes slowly and gradually over many years. |
| Variation | Weather varies from one place to another within a region. | Climate remains uniform over a large area. |
| Instruments | Most weather elements are measured by weather instruments. | Climatic elements are not measured but calculated from the recorded weather data. |
- Latitude. Influences temperatures on the surface of the earth whereby the areas nearer to the Equator experience higher temperature than those far away.
- Altitude. Influences temperature and pressure of a region. Low altitude regions are warmer, experience high atmospheric pressure while high altitude areas are cooler and have low pressure.
- Distance from the sea. It has an influence in both temperature and rainfall of a region.
- Aspect. Refers to the direction in which a slope faces e.g.: in the Northern Hemisphere, the southward slopes are warmer than the northward facing slopes.
- Ocean currents. Currents flowing along the coasts tend to modify the climate of the coastal regions.
- Prevailing winds. Wind is a medium of transfer of heat and moisture over the land. If wind is blowing from a warm region.
- Human activities. The development of settlements, agriculture and construction of dams and creation of manmade lakes have influence on climate.
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