Mada za sehemu hiiProduction ActivitiesMada 5
- Production activities
- Production activities done before independence
- Production activities done after independence
- Ways of improving production activities
- Income and expenditure
Production activities done after independence
The production activities which were done after independence were a continuation of the production activities which were done before independence. The activities included:
- Crop cultivation
- Livestock keeping
- Fishing
- Commerce
- Tourism
- Manufacturing
Crop cultivation remained the backbone of the national economy, with both small-scale and large-scale farming being practiced:
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Small-scale farming:
- Involves growing food crops such as bananas, beans, maize, and rice.
- Farmers primarily use hand tools like hoes.
- Some key rice-producing areas include Mbarali in Mbeya Region and Ifakara in Morogoro Region.
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Large-scale farming:
- Conducted by private investors and government partnerships.
- Involves cash crops like cotton, sisal, tea, coffee, cashew nuts, tobacco, and sunflower.
- Uses machines for planting and harvesting.
Maize crop cultivation
Livestock keeping continued in regions free from tsetse flies to prevent sleeping sickness. It was done on both small and large scales:
Grazing animals
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Small-scale livestock keeping: Practiced by individuals across the country.
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Large-scale livestock keeping: Conducted in ranches and dairy farms, such as:
- Kongwa Ranch (Dodoma Region)
- Handeni Ranch (Tanga Region)
- Ruvu Ranch (Coast Region)
- Mpwapwa Livestock Training Institute (Dodoma) for dairy farming.
- Hay production for livestock feeding occurs in places like Kiboriani in Kongwa and Sanya Juu in Kilimanjaro.
Fishing continued to be an essential production activity in areas with water bodies such as lakes, rivers, dams, and the ocean:
- Traditional fishing tools like fish traps and spears are still used.
- Modern fishing methods include motorized boats, nets, and hooks.
- Mwanza and Kagera Regions specialize in fishing for export, particularly Nile Perch, which supports fish-processing industries and creates employment.
Fishing activities
Business activities helped people earn a living and were classified into:
- Large-scale business activities:
- Conducted by big companies such as Bakhresa Food Products Limited and Mohamed Enterprises Tanzania Limited.
- These companies produce goods for both local markets and export.
Large scale business
- Small-scale business activities:
- Conducted by individuals in shops selling goods like sugar, maize, wheat flour, soap, and rice.
- Street vendors ("machingas") sell products while moving around to find customers.
Small scale business
Manufacturing industries played a vital role in producing various goods and contributing to economic growth:
- Products manufactured include sugar, clothes, and flour.
- Some industries were established before independence, while others were nationalized after independence.
- These industries provide employment, generate income, and support agriculture by purchasing crops as raw materials.
- To sustain manufacturing, electricity, raw materials, water, and trained manpower are necessary.
Manufacturing industry
Tourism remained a significant economic activity, involving the government, companies, and individuals:
- It created employment in hotels, as tour guides, and as drivers.
- People earn income by making and selling souvenirs such as:
- Sculptures, drawings, baskets, mats, and hand-made clothes (e.g., batik).
- Maasai shoes made of animal skins and beads.
Tourism
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