Multiplication of whole numbers with a product not exceeding 1 000 000 000

Example 1

284 865 × 2 016 =

Steps

1. Align numbers vertically by considering the place value of each digit, that is, ones in ones place, tens in tens place, hundreds in hundreds place and so on, up to the highest place value of the given number.

2. Choose your starting point — you can multiply the number by starting with the lowest place value (ones) of the multiplier towards the left side. You can also start with the highest place value of the multiplier towards the right side.

3. Apply the multiplication — in this example, the multiplier is 2 016 and the multiplicand is 284 865. Start multiplying by the digits with the lowest place value in the multiplier, which is 6 (ones).

2 8 4 8 6 5
× 2 0 1 6

---

1 7 0 9 1 9 0
2 8 4 8 6 5
0 0 0 0 0 0
+ 5 6 9 7 3 0

---

5 7 4 2 8 7 8 4 0

Therefore, 284 865 × 2 016 = 574 287 840

Example 2

324 493 × 3 075 =

Solution

In this example, the multiplier is 3 075. Start multiplying the digit with the highest place value in the multiplier, which is 3, in thousands.

Therefore, 324 493 × 3 075 = 997 815 975

Example 3

34 106 × 25 322 =

Solution

3 4 1 0 6
× 2 5 3 2 2

---

6 8 2 1 2
6 8 2 1 2
1 0 2 3 1 8
1 7 0 5 3 0
+ 6 8 2 1 2

---

8 6 3 6 3 2 1 3 2

Therefore, 34 106 × 25 322 = 863 632 132