Democratic elections

Free and fair campaigns

Campaigns are conducted without interference, allowing all parties to present their policies.

Freedom of expression, assembly, and association

Citizens and parties can freely express their views, hold meetings, and form associations.

Equal opportunities for all political parties

1. Equal media coverage (TV, radio, newspapers).
2. Opposition parties are allowed to operate freely.

Peaceful election environment

Parties respect each other's campaigns without disruption.

Transparent processes

Citizens can ask questions and make informed choices.

1. Transfer of power: Elections provide a peaceful way to transfer authority.
2. Choosing good leaders: Voters select competent leaders to govern effectively.
3. Equal opportunities: Ensures all parties and candidates are treated fairly.
4. Good governance: Promotes accountability and transparency.
5. Decision-making: Resolves public matters through democratic participation.
6. Political system improvement: Encourages refinement of governance systems.

General guidelines

1. Elections are held periodically (e.g., every 5 years in Tanzania).
2. Conducted via secret ballot for fairness.

Conditions for voters in Tanzania

1. Must be at least 18 years old.
2. Mentally healthy.
3. Free from recent imprisonment (within the last 5 years).
4. Must register as a voter.
5. Tanzanian citizenship required.

Conditions for presidential candidates

1. Tanzanian citizen, aged 40 years or older.
2. Member of a registered political party.
3. Proven leadership ability.
4. Mentally and physically fit.

Conditions for parliamentary candidates

1. Tanzanian citizen, aged 21 years or older.
2. Member of a registered political party.
3. Literate and a resident of the constituency.
4. Mentally and physically fit.

A series of activities to secure votes for a candidate, party, or proposal.

Key campaign activities

1. Candidate selection: Parties choose and publicize their candidates.
2. Public engagement:
   • National leaders deliver speeches and share policy documents.
   • Local branches organize rallies, distribute materials, and mobilize voters.
3. Media usage: T.V., radio, and print media are used for campaigning.
4. Volunteer involvement: Volunteers assist in organizing events, distributing leaflets, and rallying support.
5. Supervision: Voting is overseen by officials to ensure transparency.

Presidential and parliamentary elections conducted every 5 years.

Deciding winners

Winners are determined by a simple majority vote.

Triggers for by-elections

1. Dissolution of parliament.
2. Resignation of a member of parliament (MP).
3. Death or inability of an MP to discharge duties.

Definition

An independent body responsible for organizing and supervising elections in Tanzania.

Functions of N.E.C.

1. Organizing and supervising elections for the presidency, parliament, and local authorities.
2. Setting electoral procedures and appointing supervisors.
3. Resolving election-related complaints.
4. Registering and auditing political parties.
5. Monitoring the implementation of electoral laws.